Discussion: The decomposition and refinement of a very broad or abstract softgoal helps in making it more concrete. For example, the Security NFR is a broad quality, which can be refined, for example, into: Integrity, Confidentiality, and Availability. The And Contribution Link in this example means that all of the three components are part of the definition of the Security NFR. Advanced modelers, however, might find using the And Contribution Link restrictive because of the problem that all Softgoals must be satisfied to have any positive value for the Security NFR (in this example) and usually a modeler might want to show a partial value if only one or two of the sub-goals are satisfied. Therefore, advanced modelers might use multiple Help Contribution Links instead of the And Contribution Links. Furthermore, the type and/or topic of a Softgoal or NFR can be decomposed or refined. The guidelines and discussions for refining the type and topic of a Softgoal are discussed in the subsequent guidelines in this section.